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Research Article
A Recognition System for Devanagari Handwritten Digits Using CNN
Nawaraj Ghimire*
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
21-30
Received:
20 March 2024
Accepted:
7 April 2024
Published:
29 July 2024
Abstract: A Recognition System for Devanagari Handwritten Digits using CNN, a novel approach to recognizing transcribed digits in the Devanagari script using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). This framework represents a significant contribution to the field of pattern recognition and language processing objective of the research project is to perform a literature review, identify an algorithm for a digits recognition system implement the Devanagari digits recognition system for educational activities. In the first phase, a dataset of 150 transcribed digit images is curated, allocating 75% for training (113 images) and 25% for validation (37 images). A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is designed with five convolutional layers, each utilizing 3 × 3 filters with 16, 32, 64, 128, and 128 feature maps, respectively. The experiments conducted involve varying the number of epochs, with results captured at 5, 10, 20, and 100 epochs. This comprehensive evaluation aims to understand the model's convergence and performance over different training durations. The outcomes of this phase contribute to the fine-tuning and optimization of the model for subsequent phases. In the second phase, the dataset is expanded to 100*10 (1000) images, each resized to 28 × 28 pixels through cropping. The CNN architecture remains consistent, with the previously determined layer configuration. Similar experiments are conducted, assessing the model's performance over 5, 10, 20, and 100 epochs. This model with a data size of 1000 demonstrates superior accuracy (100% on mini-batches) compared to the 150 model, with consistently high validation accuracy, while both models exhibit decreasing trends in mini-batch and validation losses, favoring the larger dataset, and maintaining a constant learning rate at 0.0100, albeit with a slightly longer time elapsed for each epoch due to the increased data size. 98.37398 accuracy in the phase 2 experiment in 100 epochs. Similar research and contributions and Devanagari’s character and word recognition system.
Abstract: A Recognition System for Devanagari Handwritten Digits using CNN, a novel approach to recognizing transcribed digits in the Devanagari script using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). This framework represents a significant contribution to the field of pattern recognition and language processing objective of the research project is to perform a li...
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Research Article
Bangla Optical Character Recognition for Mobile Platforms: A Comprehensive Cross-Platform Approach
Sabrina Sharmin*,
Tasauf Mim,
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
31-42
Received:
11 July 2024
Accepted:
2 August 2024
Published:
6 September 2024
Abstract: The development of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems for Bangla script has been an area of active research since the 1980s. This study presents a comprehensive analysis and development of a cross-platform mobile application for Bangla OCR, leveraging the Tesseract OCR engine. The primary objective is to enhance the recognition accuracy of Bangla characters, achieving rates between 90% and 99%. The application is designed to facilitate the automatic extraction of text from images selected from the device's photo library, promoting the preservation and accessibility of Bangla language materials. This paper discusses the methodology, including the preparation of training datasets, preprocessing steps, and the integration of the Tesseract OCR engine within a Dart programming environment for cross-platform functionality. This integration provides that the application could be introduced on mobile platforms without substantial alterations. The results demonstrate significant improvements in recognition accuracy, making this application a valuable tool for various practical applications such as data entry for printed Bengali documents, automatic recognition of Bangla number plates, and the digital archiving of vintage Bangla books. These improvements are crucial to further enhance the usability and reliability of Bangla OCR on mobile devices. Our cross-platform method for Bangla OCR on mobile devices provides a strong solution with exceptional identification accuracy, which helps in preserving and making Bangla language information accessible in digital format. This study has significant implications for future research and advancement in the field of optical character recognition (OCR) for intricate writing systems, especially in mobile settings.
Abstract: The development of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems for Bangla script has been an area of active research since the 1980s. This study presents a comprehensive analysis and development of a cross-platform mobile application for Bangla OCR, leveraging the Tesseract OCR engine. The primary objective is to enhance the recognition accuracy of...
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Research Article
Revolutionizing MANET Route Discovery with INTSM: An Innovative Load Balancing Approach
Rani Sahu*,
Neetu Sahu,
Vinay Sahu
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
43-58
Received:
9 March 2024
Accepted:
9 July 2024
Published:
20 September 2024
Abstract: Communication challenges in ad hoc networks arise due to the mobility of nodes, causing frequent changes in connections and locations. Maintaining network equilibrium to prevent node overload and underutilization is crucial. However, imposing static behaviors on nodes to improve performance can lead to delays, especially in core nodes. Addressing these issues, this research proposes the Intermediate Node Traffic Sharing Model (INTSM) for ad hoc networks. INTSM prioritizes congestion control and load balancing during route discovery, aiming to optimize network resource utilization and traffic distribution, thereby reducing packet delays. The model employs dynamic traffic sharing algorithms that consider real-time network conditions, enabling nodes to adjust their behaviour adaptively. This approach minimizes congestion by distributing traffic loads more evenly across the network, preventing bottlenecks at central nodes. Additionally, INTSM incorporates predictive analysis to foresee potential congestion points and reroute traffic proactively, enhancing overall network stability and performance. Extensive simulations demonstrate that INTSM significantly reduces average packet delay and improves throughput compared to traditional routing protocols. The results highlight the model's efficacy in diverse scenarios, including high mobility and varying traffic loads, proving its robustness and scalability. The primary objective of this study is to enhance navigation and equilibrium mechanisms to improve the performance of ad hoc networks, contributing to more reliable and efficient wireless communication systems. The findings of this research have significant implications for the design of future ad hoc networks, particularly in applications requiring high reliability and quick adaptation to changing network conditions, such as disaster recovery, military operations, and mobile sensor networks. By addressing the critical challenges of congestion control and load balancing, INTSM offers a promising solution to enhance the resilience and efficiency of ad hoc networks.
Abstract: Communication challenges in ad hoc networks arise due to the mobility of nodes, causing frequent changes in connections and locations. Maintaining network equilibrium to prevent node overload and underutilization is crucial. However, imposing static behaviors on nodes to improve performance can lead to delays, especially in core nodes. Addressing t...
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Research Article
Design and Analysis of an Adaptive Pipeline Detection and Correction Mechanism
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
59-70
Received:
12 August 2024
Accepted:
5 September 2024
Published:
29 September 2024
Abstract: This paper presents a novel adaptive pipeline probe detection and correction mechanism designed to address the challenge of detection interference caused by the movement of wall-climbing robots, particularly in complex environments such as water-cooled walls. The mechanism ensures that the detection probe can accurately detect individual pipelines even when the robot deviates from its intended path. To achieve this, the system incorporates a self-adaptive deviation correction mechanism that maintains consistent detection performance without requiring adjustments to the robot's spatial position. The design includes a variable stiffness analysis of the buffer spring within the correction mechanism, which is optimized to minimize the impact of the robot's movement on the detection components. By carefully selecting the spring's size and stiffness parameters, the mechanism reduces vibration and enhances the stability and reliability of pipeline detection under offset conditions. In addition to maintaining detection accuracy, the system also supports automatic marking of pipelines that exhibit quality issues, ensuring that any detected defects are easily traceable. This adaptive mechanism not only improves detection efficiency but also enhances the overall operational stability of wall-climbing robots in industrial inspection tasks. The results demonstrate the mechanism's effectiveness in mitigating the challenges posed by uneven friction and time delays in the control system, making it a significant contribution to the field of robotic inspection systems.
Abstract: This paper presents a novel adaptive pipeline probe detection and correction mechanism designed to address the challenge of detection interference caused by the movement of wall-climbing robots, particularly in complex environments such as water-cooled walls. The mechanism ensures that the detection probe can accurately detect individual pipelines ...
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Research Article
Three-Phase Induction Motor Control and Monitoring Using VFD and ESP32 Based on Modbus RTU Protocol
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
71-80
Received:
9 November 2024
Accepted:
23 November 2024
Published:
12 December 2024
Abstract: The use of energy in industrial processes is required to be efficient to reduce production costs as low as possible. In general, an industry relies heavily on three-phase induction motors. In its operation, the induction motor is operated in such a way that the energy usage is not maximized, so it is more efficient. To achieve this goal, the industry has used VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) to regulate the speed of induction motors according to the desired needs as well as to avoid "magnetic weak and saturation" conditions in the motor. This paper presents a Learning module for control and monitoring of 3-phase induction motor using Microcontroller embedded WIFI (ESP32), a VFD, and Modbus RTU protocol. The existence of this learning module will be helpful to control and view the motor parameters globally and easily. The presence of Esp32 provides convenience and flexibility for control designers to provide a cheaper control system, more speed process (2 processor), and be adaptive to future needs. Another advantage of this design model is that a user is given a choice of two user friendly applications, namely WhatsApp and Blynk IoT for giving users or students more enjoyable in learning control engineering. However, selecting the type of access application in an industrial environment must be done appropriately by considering network latency, stability, safety, feasibility, and the capability to overcome potential server failures. Regarding the use of VFD on a three-phase induction motor, an initial testing should be done to determine the maximum frequency that can be applied to achieve the motor's nominal current according to its nameplate (in this experiment, the maximum motor frequency is 40 Hz). Such testing is necessary to avoid more severe damage and can extend the motor's operational lifespan.
Abstract: The use of energy in industrial processes is required to be efficient to reduce production costs as low as possible. In general, an industry relies heavily on three-phase induction motors. In its operation, the induction motor is operated in such a way that the energy usage is not maximized, so it is more efficient. To achieve this goal, the indust...
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